30 June 2025 The Future is the Product of the Past

Native American artifacts from 1100 AD found in North America’s First City

Cahokia is the largest and most significant urban settlement of the Mississippian culture, known for creating massive earthen platform mounds throughout the southeast, east, and Midwest of the United States approximately 500 years before European contact.

These were not the Mexican Maya or Aztec people. About 700 A.D., this culture emerged in the Mississippi Valley, in what is now Illinois, and it vanished roughly a century before Columbus arrived in America. The ancient civilization’s massive remains stand as one of the best-kept archaeological secrets in the country.

Without a doubt, Cahokia was one of North America’s most sophisticated societies. Nevertheless, a lot remains to be discovered about its mysterious past, especially about its fall, which has been the subject of continuous discussion. This pre-Columbian city had 20,000 residents spread over six square miles at its height, receiving the moniker “City of the Sun.”

With 120 earthen mounds, Cahokia was the largest city ever built north of Mexico prior to the arrival of Columbus. Numerous of them were massive pyramids with square bottoms and flat tops that served as enormous pedestals for the residence of civic leaders. The largest earthwork in the Americas, the 100-foot Monk Mound, rose at the large plaza in the city’s center.

No one knows the Cahokians’ ethnicity, language, songs, or even what they called themselves. The name “Cahokia” is a misnomer. Cahokia was multi-ethnic, metropolitan, and connected to numerous distant societies through trade and exchange. Now, Cahokia is a UNESCO World Heritage site managed by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources.

Artists' conception of the Mississippian culture Cahokia Mounds Site in Illinois. The illustration shows the large Monks Mound at the center of the site with the Grand Plaza to its south. This central precinct is encircled by a palisade. Three other plazas surround Monks Mound to the west, north and east. To the west of the western plaza is the Woodhenge circle of cedar posts.
Artists’ conception of the Mississippian culture Cahokia Mounds Site in Illinois. The illustration shows the large Monks Mound at the center of the site with the Grand Plaza to its south. This central precinct is encircled by a palisade. Three other plazas surround Monks Mound to the west, north and east. To the west of the western plaza is the Woodhenge circle of cedar posts.

Archaeologists and students from Saint Louis University (SLU) have recently conducted a series of excavations on the western periphery of the Cahokia Mounds and made some surprising discoveries.

“I’m not interested in destroying features, just documenting them,” said Mary Vermilion, associate professor of anthropology and archaeology at Saint Louis University.

Amidst the Sterling Phase of the Mississippian Period, approximately AD 1100–1200, the team discovered wall trenches, microdrills, ceramics, and structures that date back 900 years. According to the archaeologists, the discoveries shed new light on a critical period in the chiefdom’s history, coinciding with Cahokia’s rapid population growth.

To find out if there are any more mounds or archaeological features within the acres of dense forests and marshy land close to the site’s main complex, St. Louis University and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency conducted an aerial survey using Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR).

Researchers from St. Louis University and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency will soon embark on an ambitious project to create the most comprehensive and reliable 3D map of the Cahokia Mounds. This endeavor aims to provide a detailed and accurate representation of the famed prehistoric site, which will serve as a valuable resource for future studies and research.

LiDAR, a remote sensing method that uses laser light to measure distances, will enable the team to identify and map previously undocumented portions of the 2,200-acre National Historical Landmark with unprecedented precision.

Cover Photo: Monks Mound

Related Articles

Iconic Double Arch collapsed after an ancient pyramid in America, Tribes Link Fall With ‘Bad Omen’

10 August 2024

10 August 2024

Two ancient North American structures collapsed within just nine days of one another. The iconic Double Arch, also known as...

Khirbet Midras pyramid and  Archaeological Site in Israel

28 November 2022

28 November 2022

Khirbet Midras (Arabic) or Horvat Midras (Hebrew) is one of several antiquities sites located within the Adullam Grove National Park,...

Rare Hittite bracelet, 3300 years old, found by a farmer

28 March 2022

28 March 2022

A farmer in Turkey’s Çorum province discovered a rare 3,300-year-old ancient bracelet from the Hittite era while plowing his farm....

The mythical hero of Troy and Rome Aeneas’s peerless mosaic discovered in Türkiye

11 May 2023

11 May 2023

A large mosaic depicting the legendary Trojan hero Aeneas, the protagonist of Virgil’s epic poem “The Aeneid” and the ancestor...

8,500-year-old buildings discovered on Abu Dhabi’s Ghagha island

17 February 2022

17 February 2022

Archaeologists in Abu Dhabi have discovered startling new evidence of the Emirates’ first known structures, which date back more than...

Hussar Armor From The 17th Century Found By Metal Detectorist In Poland

8 April 2024

8 April 2024

A 17th-century Hussar armor was found in a field in the village of Mikułowice in the Opatów region in southeastern...

Unearthing the Origins of Carnival: Evidence of Ancient Summer Festivals in Pre-Colonial Brazil

11 February 2025

11 February 2025

A new study suggests that pre-colonial people in Brazil gathered during the summer months to feast on migratory fish and...

Irish archaeologists discover a rare 1,600-year-old idol in the Roscommon bog

13 August 2021

13 August 2021

A 1,600-year-old wooden pagan idol has been discovered in a bog in Co Roscommon by Irish archaeologists. This rare artifact...

Archaeologists Uncovered a Terracotta Commander and Warriors at the Mausoleum of China’s First Emperor

12 January 2025

12 January 2025

Archaeologists have unearthed a rare 2,000-year-old statue depicting a high-ranking military commander at the famous Terracotta Army site in China:...

Archaeologists Reconstruct the Face of a 7th-Century Anglo-Saxon Woman Buried with “Trumpington Cross”

21 June 2023

21 June 2023

In a remarkable archaeological discovery near Cambridge, England, the face of a 7th-century Anglo-Saxon woman buried with a rare gold...

Largest ever Roman silver hoard in Germany found in Augsburg

12 November 2021

12 November 2021

Archaeologists in Augsburg, Germany, revealed unearthed a historical hoard including 15 kg of silver coins from the Roman Empire’s era....

An olive workshop dating back to the 6th century was found in the ancient city of Dara

16 February 2022

16 February 2022

An olive workshop dating back to the 6th century was unearthed in the ancient city of Dara, one of the...

New Discoveries of Sanxingdui Ancient City to be Announced

19 March 2021

19 March 2021

Sanxingdui, which literally means “Stacks of Three Stars”, is a cultural relic of the Kingdom of Shu in ancient China....

‘Mysterious’ inscription on ancient Dacia sphinx is deciphered

3 January 2024

3 January 2024

The mystery of the inscription on the bronze sphinx statue discovered in the early 19th century was solved 200 years...

Archaeologists unearths Unique Tomb of 6th Century BC Egyptian Commander at the archaeological area of ​​Abu Sir

24 July 2022

24 July 2022

The Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities announced on July 15 that a team of Czech archaeologists, while excavating near the Giza...